Diagnosing elbow pain and problems involves a multifaceted approach, incorporating a detailed medical history, physical examination, and various diagnostic tests. Here’s how a medical professional typically proceeds:

1. Medical History: The diagnostic process begins with a thorough discussion about the patient’s symptoms, including the onset, duration, and nature of the pain. The doctor will ask about any recent injuries, activities that exacerbate the pain, and previous medical conditions that might contribute to elbow problems, such as arthritis or previous elbow injuries.

2. Physical Examination: A comprehensive physical examination of the elbow is conducted to assess the extent of pain, swelling, and range of motion. The doctor will palpate the elbow to identify tender areas and may perform specific manoeuvres to evaluate joint stability, muscle strength, and the presence of any abnormal sensations, such as clicking or locking. They will also check for signs of nerve involvement, such as numbness or tingling.

3. Imaging Studies: To further investigate the underlying cause of elbow pain, imaging studies may be ordered. X-rays are commonly used to detect fractures, dislocations, or signs of arthritis. For a more detailed view of soft tissues, such as tendons, ligaments, and muscles, an MRI (Magnetic Resonance Imaging) or ultrasound may be recommended. These imaging modalities can reveal issues like tendonitis, bursitis, or ligament tears.

4. Laboratory Tests: In cases where an infection or systemic inflammatory condition is suspected, blood tests may be performed. These tests can help identify markers of infection, inflammation, or autoimmune disorders that could be contributing to elbow pain.

5. Nerve Conduction Studies: If there are symptoms of nerve compression, such as numbness or tingling, nerve conduction studies or electromyography (EMG) might be conducted. These tests measure the electrical activity of the nerves and muscles to diagnose conditions like cubital tunnel syndrome or other neuropathies affecting the elbow.

By combining these diagnostic tools, medical professionals can accurately identify the cause of elbow pain and develop a targeted treatment plan. Our orthopaedic team is committed to utilising advanced diagnostic techniques to provide a precise diagnosis and comprehensive care for individuals experiencing elbow problems, ensuring effective relief and improved joint function.

Treating elbow pain and problems involves a combination of non-surgical and, if necessary, surgical interventions, tailored to the specific diagnosis and severity of the condition. Here’s an overview of the treatment approaches used by medical professionals:

1. Non-Surgical Treatments: The majority of elbow pain cases can be effectively managed with non-surgical methods.

• Rest and Activity Modification: Initial treatment often includes rest and avoiding activities that aggravate the condition. Modifying how certain tasks are performed can prevent further strain on the elbow.
  
• Medications: Over-the-counter pain relievers and nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) like ibuprofen or naproxen are commonly prescribed to reduce pain and inflammation. In some cases, corticosteroid injections may be administered to provide more potent anti-inflammatory effects.
  
• Physical Therapy: Physical therapy plays a crucial role in the rehabilitation of elbow problems. A physical therapist will design a customised exercise program to improve flexibility, strength, and range of motion. Techniques such as ultrasound therapy, ice, and heat treatments may also be used to reduce symptoms.
  
• Bracing and Splinting: Braces or splints can provide support and limit movement to allow the elbow to heal. This is particularly useful in conditions like tennis elbow or golfer’s elbow.
  

2. Minimally Invasive Procedures: For more persistent elbow issues that do not respond to conservative treatments, minimally invasive procedures may be considered.

• Aspiration and Injections: In cases of bursitis, aspiration of the inflamed bursa to remove excess fluid, combined with a corticosteroid injection, can significantly reduce pain and swelling.
  
• Platelet-Rich Plasma (PRP) Therapy: PRP injections, which use a concentration of the patient’s own platelets to promote healing, are becoming increasingly popular for treating tendonitis and other chronic elbow conditions.
  

3. Surgical Interventions: When conservative treatments fail to provide relief or if there is significant structural damage, surgical options may be necessary.

• Arthroscopy: This minimally invasive surgery allows the surgeon to view and treat problems inside the elbow joint using small incisions and specialised instruments. It is effective for removing loose bodies, repairing torn ligaments, or treating cartilage damage.
  
• Open Surgery: In more severe cases, open surgery may be required to repair or reconstruct damaged tendons, ligaments, or to address complex fractures. Surgical interventions are usually followed by a rehabilitation program to restore function and strength.
  

4. Post-Treatment Rehabilitation: Regardless of the treatment method, rehabilitation is a critical component of recovery. Physical therapy and gradual return to normal activities ensure that the elbow regains its full functionality and prevents future problems.

Our orthopaedic team is dedicated to providing comprehensive, individualised care for patients with elbow pain and problems.