Rheumatoid Arthritis is not a curable condition. It, however, can be kept in control by managing symptoms.

Diagnosing RA involves a combination of clinical evaluation, medical history review, physical examination, and diagnostic tests. Here’s an overview of the typical steps involved in diagnosing RA by a medical professional:

1. Medical History: The process often begins with a detailed discussion about symptoms, their onset, duration, and any factors that worsen or alleviate them. Family history of autoimmune diseases or RA may also be considered.

2. Physical Examination: A thorough physical examination helps assess joint tenderness, swelling, warmth, and range of motion. The doctor may also look for signs of joint deformity or inflammation in other parts of the body.

3. Laboratory Tests: Blood tests are crucial in diagnosing RA. They typically include:

• Rheumatoid Factor (RF): This antibody is found in the blood of many people with RA, though not all.
  
• Anti-cyclic citrullinated peptide (anti-CCP) antibodies: These antibodies are more specific to RA and can help confirm the diagnosis.
  
• C-reactive protein (CRP) and erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR): These markers indicate inflammation levels in the body, which are often elevated in RA.
  

4. Imaging Studies: X-rays, ultrasound, or MRI scans may be used to detect joint damage, such as erosion or narrowing of joint spaces, which can occur in later stages of RA.

Rheumatoid arthritis treatment is aimed at reducing inflammation, relieving symptoms, preventing joint damage, and improving quality of life. The best treatment for Rheumatoid Arthritis are plans that are individualised based on the severity of symptoms, disease progression, and the patient’s overall health. Here’s an overview of common approaches used by medical professionals in managing RA:

1. Medications:

• Disease-Modifying Anti-Rheumatic Drugs (DMARDs): These drugs, such as methotrexate, hydroxychloroquine, and sulfasalazine, are typically the first-line treatment for RA. They work to suppress the underlying immune response that causes joint inflammation and damage.
  
• Biologic DMARDs: For more severe cases or when conventional DMARDs are ineffective, biologic drugs like TNF inhibitors (e.g., etanercept, adalimumab) or other targeted therapies (e.g., rituximab, tocilizumab) may be prescribed. These medications specifically target parts of the immune system involved in RA.
  
• Corticosteroids: SShort-term use of corticosteroids, such as prednisone, may be prescribed to quickly reduce inflammation during flare-ups.
  

2. Physical and Occupational Therapy:

• Physical therapists can design exercise programs to improve joint flexibility, strength, and range of motion.
  
• Occupational therapists help individuals learn new ways to perform daily activities to minimise strain on joints.
  

3.Lifestyle Modifications:

• Maintaining a healthy weight and adopting joint-friendly exercises, such as swimming or cycling, can help manage symptoms and improve overall function.
  
• Assistive devices like splints or orthotics may be recommended to support and protect joints.
  

4. Surgery: In severe cases where joint damage is extensive and significantly impacts daily life, surgical options like joint replacement (e.g., knee or hip replacement) may be considered to restore mobility and reduce pain

5. Regular Monitoring and Follow-Up: RA requires ongoing management and monitoring to assess disease progression, adjust treatment as needed, and address any emerging complications or side effects from medications.